Классификация гербицидов
Гербициды – это специальные химические средства, которые применяются для борьбы с сорняками. В наше время они широко применяются дачниками и садоводами.
Они классифицируются по трем основным признакам:
- Химический состав;
- Способ проникновения;
- Характер действия.
Теперь давайте рассмотрим каждый признак по отдельности в деталях.
По химическому составу
- К неорганическим гербицидам относится сера, нитрат натрия, цианамид калия/натрия, бораты;
- К органическим — дихлорфеноксиуксусная кислота;
- К минеральным маслам – каменно – угольные масла, летучие масла, уайт – спирит, масла с добавками ДНОК или ПВХ.
Обязательно перед применением внимательно читайте инструкцию и избегайте передозировки!
По характеру действия
- Сплошное действие – уничтожение абсолютно всех растений:
- Селективное, т.е. избирательное действие – для некоторых растений препарат убийственен, для некоторых – безвреден.
По способу проникновения
- Действуют на растения через листья и прочие надземные органы;
- Проникают в растения через корни. Вносятся только в почву и называются гербицидами корневого действия;
- Могут проникать как через корни так и через листья растений.
Наиболее популярными гербицидами в наше время являются гербициды избирательного действия, так как редко когда огородникам хочется истреблять всю растительность на грядках. Чаще всего избавляются только от сорняков.
Обратите внимание на то, что избирательно действие некоторых препаратов зависит от того, в какую почву они вносятся. Например, ДХМ, симазин и эптан из-за своих химических свойств не могут взаимодействовать с почвой на глубоких слоях. Поэтому, они убивают сорняки, которые прорастают только на верхних слоях, а сорняки с глубокими корневищами ими очень тяжело будет истребить.
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